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目的分析福建省厦门市1950—2015年疟疾防治历程,为消除疟疾后巩固成果和疟疾防控提供依据。方法收集1950—2015年厦门市疟疾防治资料,对发病情况和传疟媒介进行描述性分析,并探讨厦门市疟疾的防治历程。结果厦门市1950—2015年共发生疟疾病例22 870例,上世纪50年代疫情最为严重,年发病率从1999年起连续17年控制在1/万以下,达到基本消灭疟疾标准。2001年发生最后1例本地感染病例。2002—2015年报告37例输入性病例,2010年启动消除疟疾行动,2015年通过省级评估验收,成为消除疟疾达标市。结论根据1950—2015年间不同时期疟疾发病特征,有针对性地采取综合防控措施,取得明显防治成效。厦门市2015年达到国家消除疟疾标准,由于外来疟疾疫情输入风险持续存在,应加强流动人群疟疾防控工作,并持续开展本地蚊媒监测。
Objective To analyze the course of malaria control in Xiamen City, Fujian Province from 1950 to 2015, and provide basis for the prevention and control of post-malaria consolidation and malaria. Methods The data of malaria prevention and treatment in Xiamen City from 1950 to 2015 were collected, and the descriptive analysis was made on the incidence and transmission of malaria vector and the prevention and treatment of malaria in Xiamen City. Results A total of 22 870 cases of malaria were reported in Xiamen City from 1950 to 2015. The epidemic was the most serious in the 1950s. The annual incidence rate was controlled below 1/10 000 for 17 consecutive years from 1999, basically meeting the malaria elimination standard. The last case of a local infection occurred in 2001. 37 cases of imported cases were reported in 2002-2015, malaria elimination was started in 2010, and provincial level acceptance was adopted in 2015, becoming the malaria compliance standard city. Conclusion Based on the characteristics of malaria incidence in different periods from 1950 to 2015, comprehensive prevention and control measures were taken in a targeted manner, and obvious prevention and treatment results were achieved. Xiamen City reached the national malaria elimination standard in 2015. As the risk of imported malaria continues to exist, prevention and control of malaria in floating population should be strengthened and local mosquito vectors should be continuously monitored.