风湿热及其造成的风湿性心脏病(以下简称风心病)是一种严重威胁着人类健康和生命的疾病,但它们又是可以预防的。近三、四十年来,由于青霉素的广泛应用,有力地控制了风湿热和风心病的发生,许多国家对此病采取了广泛的初发和复发预防措施,发病率已明显下降,在我国,风心病在住院心脏病人中所占的比例也有明显的下降。本病最常见于5～15岁儿童,防治风湿热的重点应当是学龄期的中小学生。为了摸清呼和浩特市当前风湿热及风心病在易患人群中发病情况及其特点,于1981年4～6月对呼市6～18岁中小学生进行 Rheumatic fever and its resulting rheumatic heart disease (hereinafter referred to as rheumatic heart disease) is a serious threat to human health and life-threatening diseases, but they are preventable. Nearly three or four decades, due to the widespread use of penicillin, effectively control the occurrence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, many countries took a wide range of initial and recurrence prevention measures, the incidence has dropped significantly in our country, the wind Heart disease in hospitalized heart patients in the proportion also dropped significantly. The most common disease in children aged 5 to 15 years, the focus of prevention and treatment of rheumatic fever should be school-age primary and secondary students. In order to find out the current rheumatic fever and rheumatic disease in Hohhot susceptible population incidence and its characteristics, in April-June 1981 Hohhot primary school students aged 6 to 18