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[目的]通过对1例人感染H7N9禽流感病毒患者的调查分析,为人感染H7N9禽流感的科学防控提供依据。[方法]采用流行病学调查方法,调查病例的发病经过、可能的感染来源、传播途径及暴露因素等,医学观察患者的密切接触者,同时对患者进行临床诊治、实验室检测。[结果]确诊1例人感染H7N9禽流感病毒,经救治后痊愈出院。患者有明确的活禽接触史,咽拭子检测H7N9禽流感病毒核酸阳性。患者的密切接触者中均未发现异常临床表现。通过扩大监测流感病例160例和职业人群858例,均未发现H7N9禽流感病毒核酸阳性。当地活禽交易市场鸡咽拭子标本检出2份H7N9禽流感病毒核酸阳性,阳性鸡来源于外省。[结论]活禽暴露是人感染H7N9禽流感病毒的关键风险因素,暂无证据人传人,未发现人群隐性感染和轻症病例。仍需开展扩大监测和流行病学调查,以完善对感染谱的认识。
[Objective] Through the investigation and analysis of a case of human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection, provide the basis for scientific prevention and control of human H7N9 avian influenza. [Methods] Epidemiological survey method was used to investigate the pathogenesis of the cases, possible sources of infection, transmission routes and exposure factors. The patients were closely observed by medical observation, and the patients were diagnosed and tested clinically. [Results] One case of human H7N9 avian influenza virus was confirmed and discharged. Patients had a clear history of live poultry and throat swabs were positive for the H7N9 bird flu virus. Abnormal clinical manifestations were not found in close contacts of patients. No H7N9 avian influenza virus was found to be positive for nucleic acid by expanding the surveillance of 160 cases of influenza and 858 cases of occupational groups. Two local H5N1 avian influenza virus nucleic acid positives were detected in chicken throat swabs in the local live poultry market. Positive chicken originated from other provinces. [Conclusion] The live poultry exposure is the key risk factor for human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection. There is no evidence of human transmission and no hidden infection or mild cases were found in the crowd. There is still a need to expand surveillance and epidemiological investigations to improve understanding of the spectrum of infections.