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石英是自然界最常见的矿物,其成分为 SiO_2,称二氧化硅,那些如冰似水、晶莹剔透的谓之水晶。在工业上按质量和用途分为压电石英、光学石英、熔炼石英、琢磨石英。前两种要求为无色、透明、无任何瑕疵、具一定规格的均质体;后两种要求为无色、紫色、黄色、烟色、墨色、绿色、蓝色等多种自然染色的任何形态的洁净透明体。疏脆的四面体结构从石英成分的原子关系看,硅要比氧大一倍。带4个正电荷的硅离子半径和带2个负电荷的氧离子半径的比值是0.28,类似一个规则的四面体。
Quartz is the most common mineral in nature, its composition is SiO_2, called silica, those as ice-like water, crystal clear crystal. In the industry by quality and use divided into piezoelectric quartz, optical quartz, quartz melting, polished quartz. The first two requirements for the colorless, transparent, without any flaws, with a certain size of the homogeneous body; the latter two requirements for the colorless, purple, yellow, smoke, ink, green, blue and many other natural dyeing any Form of clean transparent body. Brittle tetrahedron structure From the atomic composition of quartz, silicon is twice as large as oxygen. The ratio of the radius of the silicon ion with 4 positive charges to the radius of the oxygen ion with 2 negative charges is 0.28, which resembles a regular tetrahedron.