论文部分内容阅读
在水冷内燃机中,燃料供给的能量的25％～34％是由冷却水带走的。冷却系的设计必须根据被它所带走的最大热量。此外,还要考虑到不利的冷却条件,最高气温和低车速(特别对载重车),以及没有迎风面。根据经验,这种特殊条件,一年中平均约占总行驶时间的5％,所以汽车发动机,在绝大部分的工作时间是带着太大的冷却系工作的。在燃烧过程中,如气缸壁温度过低,会产生亚硫酸,达将严重侵蚀气缸套——活塞——活塞环组。为了避免这种情况,在近数十年内,冷却水温调整的采用得到逐渐推广。调整的方法是按发出热量的多少,利用发动机出水温度,以调节通过散热器(水箱)的流量。
In water-cooled combustion engines, 25% to 34% of the energy supplied by the fuel is taken by the cooling water. The design of the cooling system must be based on the maximum amount of heat it takes away. In addition, unfavorable cooling conditions, high temperatures and low vehicle speeds (especially for truckloads) should be taken into account, as well as no windward side. As a rule of thumb, this particular condition, on average, accounts for about 5% of the total driving time of the year, so that the engine of a car works with a very large cooling system during most of the working hours. In the combustion process, such as cylinder wall temperature is too low, will produce sulfurous acid, will seriously erode cylinder liner - piston - piston ring group. In order to avoid this situation, in recent decades, the adoption of cooling water temperature adjustment has been gradually promoted. The method of adjustment is based on the amount of heat emitted, the use of engine water temperature to regulate the flow through the radiator (tank).