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目的为不同节段腰椎间孔镜手术提供解剖学依据。方法 10具成人脊柱腰骶段(L_1~S_1)标本,观测L_(1/2)~L_5/S_1椎间孔高、椎间孔安全三角、椎管内安全三角的形态。结果①L_(1/2)~L_5/S_1椎间隙水平中线与椎间孔安全三角高的交点到出行神经根的距离为(4.75±0.80)、(6.42±0.44)、(7.30±0.82)、(7.74±0.52)、(4.68±1.27)mm;②L_(1/2)~L_5/S_1椎间盘后缘水平中线与椎弓根中内1/3纵垂线交点到出行神经根的距离为(4.02±0.78)、(4.67±0.65)、(5.17±0.91)、(6.16±0.74)、(5.48±0.61)mm;③L_(1/2)~L_5/S_1椎间盘后缘水平中线与椎弓根中内1/3纵垂线交点到硬膜囊/走行神经根的距离为(3.89±0.61)、(4.39±0.71)、(5.17±0.97)、(6.58±0.70)、(6.22±1.20)mm。结论掌握腰椎不同节段的解剖特点,有利于椎间孔镜手术时合适尺寸工作套管的选取。
Objective To provide anatomical basis for different segments of lumbar intervertebraloscopy. Method 10 adult lumbosacral segments (L_1 ~ S_1) specimens, observed L_ (1/2) ~ L_5 / S_1 intervertebral foramen height, intervertebral foramen sagittal triangle, spinal canal safety triangle morphology. Results ① The distance between the median line of the L_ (1/2) ~ L_5 / S_1 intervertebral space and the transected foramen of the intervertebral foramen was 4.75 ± 0.80, 6.42 ± 0.44 and 7.30 ± 0.82, 7.74 ± 0.52) and (4.68 ± 1.27) mm, respectively. ② The distance between the horizontal midpoint of the trailing edge of L_ (1/2) ~ L_5 / S_1 vertebra and the 1/3 vertical vertical line in the pedicle to the nerve root of travel was (4.02 ± 0.14, 0.78, 4.67 ± 0.65, 5.17 ± 0.91, 6.16 ± 0.74, 5.48 ± 0.61, respectively). ③The posterior borderline of L_ (1/2) ~ L_5 / / 3 vertical perpendicular to the dural sac / walking nerve root distance (3.89 ± 0.61), (4.39 ± 0.71), (5.17 ± 0.97), (6.58 ± 0.70), (6.22 ± 1.20) mm. Conclusion To master the anatomical features of different segments of lumbar spine is conducive to the selection of the appropriate size of cannula during the operation of transforaminal endoscopic surgery.