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采用盆栽方式,研究了宁镇1号和湘豆3号2个春大豆品种在种子生理成熟期受到高温高湿胁迫[(40±2)℃/(30±2)℃、相对湿度(95±5)%/(70±5)%、10 h/14 h(昼/夜)]后种子活力指标、主要营养成分及种皮解剖结构的变化.结果表明:生理成熟期植株受到高温高湿胁迫后,2个春大豆品种种子生活力、发芽势、发芽率以及脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性呈下降趋势,种子细胞膜透性增大,浸种液中的H+、可溶性糖和亮氨酸含量上升,种子中的脂肪和蛋白含量无规律性变化,种皮与种脐解剖结构发生改变;短期的高温高湿胁迫(<5 h)对春大豆种子活力的影响不明显,胁迫时间超过48 h,种子活力相关指标急剧降低;湘豆3号较耐高温高湿胁迫,表现为发芽势和相关酶活性下降及浸种液外渗物含量增加的幅度小,种皮致密、厚实,种脐结构完整等特征.
The pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of high temperature and high humidity on the two spring soybean cultivars in Ningzhen 1 and Xiangdou 3 [(40 ± 2) ℃ / (30 ± 2) ℃, relative humidity (95 ± 5)% / (70 ± 5)%, 10 h / 14 h (day / night)]. The results showed that the physiological maturity of plants under high temperature and high humidity stress , The seed vigor, germination potential, germination rate, dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities of two spring soybean varieties decreased, the permeability of seed cell membrane increased, and the contents of H +, soluble sugar and leucine increased , The content of fat and protein in seeds changed irregularly, and the anatomical structure of seed coat and umbilical cord changed. Short-term high temperature and high humidity (<5 h) had no obvious effect on the seed vigor of spring soybean, and the stress time exceeded 48 h, Seed vigor index decreased sharply; Xiangdou 3 was more resistant to high temperature and high humidity stress, which showed that the germination potential and related enzyme activity decreased and the extract liquid extravasant content increased less, the seed coat was dense and thick, the umbilical structure was intact feature.