现有的降压药物有三大类:利尿剂,交感神经抑制剂和血管扩张剂。血管扩张剂包括钙拮抗剂和转换酶抑制剂。近年来利尿剂的应用已趋减少。β受体阻滞剂特别是兼有血管扩张或α受体阻滞作用的β受体阻滞剂,使用日广。晚近,有些医生已将钙拮抗剂、转换酶抑制剂和选择性α_1受体阻滞剂作为首选的降压药物。首选药物还取决于是否伴有心绞痛、心力衰竭或糖尿病等其它情况。 (一) 交感神经抑制剂 (1) α受体阻滞剂除了α_1受体阻滞剂(如哌唑嗪),近年来这类药物(甲基多巴、可乐宁、利血平、呱乙啶)已较少应用。这类药物可划分为非竞争性(如苯氧苄胺)和竞争性二类,也可进一步划分为非选择性和选择 There are three major classes of antihypertensive drugs available: diuretics, sympatholytic and vasodilators. Vasodilators include calcium antagonists and conversion enzyme inhibitors. In recent years, the use of diuretics has been reduced. β-blockers, especially those with vasodilation or α-blocker effect of β-blockers, the use of a wide day. Recently, some doctors have calcium antagonists, converting enzyme inhibitors and selective alpha 1 receptor blockers as the preferred antihypertensive drugs. The drug of choice is also dependent on whether angina, heart failure or diabetes is associated with other conditions. (A) Sympathetic nerve blockers (1) α-blockers In addition to α-1 blockers (such as prazosin), in recent years these drugs (methyldopa, clonidine, reserpine, Pyridine) has less application. Such drugs can be divided into non-competitive (such as phenoxybenzamine) and competitive two categories, can be further divided into non-selective and choice