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中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国,数千年保持着统一和持续的文化形态,有着独特的审美意识。具有东方独特艺术魅力,在世界艺坛上独树一帜的中国传统绘画就是受其独特的审美意识而发展起来的。欣赏中国传统绘画,必须对中国传统绘画的特点有所认识。本文就中国传统绘画的美学特点、造型特点、技法特点作一尝试性探讨。 一、中国传统绘画的美学特点——程式化 “程式化”的美学特点,是中国传统艺术所共有的普遍性。中国的传统艺术的特点可以用下面几个字来形容——它是写意的,非模拟性的,形而外的,动力的和有节奏的。 在中国的戏剧艺术中,“程式化”特点尤为典型:挥鞭如乘马,推敲似有门,叠椅为山,方布作车,四个兵可代一支人马……以及戏剧脸谱等。这同西方的写实主义话剧有明显区别。这里,“程式”是一套特殊的,相对稳定的艺术语言和语汇,是艺术家对生活长期提炼的积淀。
As an ancient civilization with a long history, China has maintained a unified and sustained cultural pattern for thousands of years and has unique aesthetic awareness. Chinese traditional painting, which has unique oriental charm and is unique in the world art world, is developed by its unique aesthetic consciousness. To appreciate Chinese traditional painting, we must know something about the characteristics of Chinese traditional painting. This article makes a tentative discussion on the aesthetic characteristics, modeling features and techniques of Chinese traditional painting. First, the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese traditional painting - the stylized “stylized” aesthetic features are the common universality of Chinese traditional arts. The characteristics of Chinese traditional art can be described in the following words - it is freehand, non-mimetic, out of shape, motivated and rhythmic. In China’s drama art, “stylized” features are particularly typical: whip like riding a horse, scalding like a door, folding chairs for the mountains, side cloth for the car, four soldiers can be replaced by a horse ... ... and drama Facebook . This is obviously different from Western realism drama. Here, “program” is a set of special and relatively stable artistic language and vocabulary, which is the artist’s long-term accumulation of life.