论文部分内容阅读
泄水建筑物发生气蚀是水利水电建设中的一个重要问题。但至目前为止,有关气穴的理论研究尚不能提出一种计算方法,来定量地确定泄水建筑物在运行中是否会出现气蚀和气蚀的程度。设计人员的任务就是在事先提出一个能够避免或基本上消除气蚀的泄水建筑物的布置,并规定正确的运行方式。因此,有必要对某些具代表性的成功和失败的实例进行归纳分析,找出发生气蚀的原因和防止气蚀的措施,从中吸取经验教训,避免采用不正确的布置和运行方式。本文搜集了苏联和美国的一些泄水建筑物的气蚀实例,并综合了几点防止泄水建筑物发生气蚀的措施,供水工设计人员参考。
Cavitation occurs in drainage construction is an important issue in the construction of hydropower. However, up to now, the theoretical research on cavitation can not present a calculation method to quantitatively determine the degree of cavitation and cavitation during the operation of the drainage structures. The task of the designer is to prearrange a layout of the spillway that avoids or substantially eliminates cavitation and stipulate the correct mode of operation. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and summarize some typical examples of success and failure, find out the causes of cavitation and measures to prevent cavitation, draw lessons from them, and avoid adopting incorrect arrangement and operation mode. This paper collects some examples of cavitation in the spilled buildings in the Soviet Union and the United States and synthesizes several measures to prevent cavitation in the discharged structures. The reference for water supply designers.