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目的为了解某特种作战部队战士的营养及体格状况,为制定营养改善措施并预防亚健康提供科学依据。方法采用食物称重法调查膳食营养摄入量。测量身高、体质量、皮褶厚度、上臂肌围,并用荧光法检测4 h负荷尿中维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C等含量,采用比色法检测血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)水平,同时通过问卷调查的方式进行营养知识调查。结果战士体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)评价为营养不良的有4.90%,上臂肌围评价为肌消瘦者占11.76%,营养缺乏症病人占2.94%;膳食摄入的钙、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素D摄入不足,依次达军用标准供给量的51.50%、71.50%、71.33%和74.00%;热能及其他营养素的摄入达标。分别有33.33%、28.43%和16.67%的战士维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C不足或缺乏;有9.80%的战士血液中Hb含量低于正常值。93.14%的战士认为营养知识态度重要,78.43%的战士对营养知识熟悉和了解,但营养行为正确的仅占47.06%。结论该部队战士存在体格方面及多种营养素摄入不足的问题,应平衡膳食,以摄取合理营养促进健康。
Objective To understand the nutrition and physical condition of a special war fighter in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating nutrition improvement measures and preventing sub-health. Methods Dietary intake was measured by food weighing method. The height, body weight, skinfold thickness and upper arm muscle circumference were measured. The contents of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin C in urine for 4 h were detected by fluorometry. The hemoglobin (Hb) level was detected by colorimetric method. At the same time, Investigate the way nutrition knowledge survey. Results The body mass index (BMI) of soldiers was 4.90% for malnutrition, 11.76% for muscle weakness and 2.94% for nutritional deficiency. The dietary intake of calcium, vitamin B1, Insufficient intake of vitamin B2 and vitamin D followed up to 51.50%, 71.50%, 71.33% and 74.00% of the military standard supply respectively; and the intake of heat energy and other nutrients reached the standard. Respectively, there are 33.33%, 28.43% and 16.67% of the soldiers of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C deficiency or lack of; 9.80% of soldiers in the blood Hb levels below normal. 93.14% of fighters think nutrition knowledge attitude is important, 78.43% fighters are familiar with nutrition knowledge and understanding, but only 47.06% nutrition behavior correct. Conclusion The soldiers in this unit have problems with physical aspects and inadequate intake of various nutrients. They should balance their diets and take reasonable nutrition to promote health.