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目的 观察某型导弹战斗部对绵羊肺组织的致伤特点 ,以了解该武器引起肺组织损伤的大体、微细及超微结构变化。方法 东北地区绵羊 45只 ,分组固定于致伤架上 ,躯体右侧朝向爆心 ,呈扇形布放于距爆心不同距离处。结果 大体解剖可见肺组织有不同程度的缺损、破裂 ,伴有广泛的出血或淤血。光镜下可见肺毛细血管弥漫性扩张、充血和肺泡出血。出血区周围肺组织的肺泡腔内积有大量淡红色的水肿液。电镜下可见肺泡毛细血管内皮细胞胞浆内有较多的饮液小泡或空泡化 ,肺泡腔内有与血浆相似的颗粒样物质 ,Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型上皮细胞肿胀、内质网扩张 ,以至空泡化 ,核周间隙扩大等改变。结论 该型导弹战斗部对肺脏损伤严重 ,死亡率高。因此 ,临床救治时不仅要注重破片伤的处理 ,也要注重冲击伤的治疗。
Objective To observe the injury characteristics of a certain type of missile warhead on the lungs of sheep to understand the general, subtle and ultrastructural changes of the lung tissue caused by this weapon. Methods Forty-five sheep in northeastern China were fixed on the wound frame, and the right side of the body was facing the heart of the demon, which was fan-shaped at different distances from the heart of the detonator. Results The gross anatomy of lung tissue showed varying degrees of defects, rupture, accompanied by extensive bleeding or congestion. Light microscopic pulmonary capillary diffuse dilation, congestion and alveolar hemorrhage. Bleeding area around the alveolar cavity of lung tissue product with a large number of pale red edema. Electron microscopy showed alveolar capillary endothelial cells within the cytoplasm more drinking vesicles or vacuolization, alveolar cavity and plasma-like particle-like substances, type I and type II epithelial cells swelling, endoplasmic reticulum dilation, As well as emptying, perinuclear gap expansion and other changes. Conclusion The missile warhead has severe lung injury and high mortality rate. Therefore, clinical treatment should not only pay attention to the handling of fragmented wounds, but also pay attention to the treatment of impact injury.