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预设和蕴涵是指句子所表述的命题与命题之间的关系 ,都是从句子自身的整体意义推导出来的另外的意义或另外的一些信息 ,研究它们是为了研究句子外面的某些信息对句子的影响。预设可表述为 :如果从命题 P和命题“非 P”都可以推导出 Q,那么 Q就是 P的预设。蕴涵可表述为 :在所有情况下 P为真 Q也为真时 ,那么 P蕴涵 Q。预设和蕴涵都与特定的句法成分有一定的对应关系 :预设大多由定语、主语、状语等成分充当 ,蕴涵大体与谓语部分相对应。预设、蕴涵与特定的语义相对应。
Presupposition and implication mean that the relations between propositions and propositions stated in sentences are all the other meanings derived from the overall meaning of sentences or some other information which they study in order to study some information outside sentences The impact of sentences. The default can be expressed as: If Q can be derived from proposition P and proposition “not P” then Q is P’s default. Implication can be expressed as: In all cases P is true Q is also true, then P implies Q. The presupposition and implication all have some correspondence with the specific syntactic components. The presupposition mostly consists of the attributive, subject, adverbial and other components, and the implication generally corresponds to the predicate part. Predefined, implied and specific semantics correspond.