近二十多年来,特别是最近二、三年的考古实践证明,在离今约四、五万年前,江苏就有了人类。一九五四年六月,中国科学院古人类学专家杨钟健、吴汝康、贾兰坡等人,与我省考古工作者一起在泗洪县下草湾引河南岸,发现了一段长152.7毫米的人股骨化石,学者们由化石及氟的定量分析所得结果推断,认为应属更新世晚期人类化石,离今约有四、五万年。但当时没有观察到代表更新世晚期的地层,因此引起学术界的争论。近一、二年考古工作者,对下草湾地层经过反复考察,确认在下草湾存在更新世晚期的地层,从而对下草湾人的存在提供了有力的依据。最近二、三年里,我省考古工作者、地质工作者密切协作,共同努力,在旧石器考古方面接连获得了一些新的发现。一九七七年五月至八月,在溧 Nearly two decades, especially in the last two or three years of archeology, have proved that there are human beings in Jiangsu Province about 40,000 to 50,000 years ago. In June 1954, Yang Zhongjian, Wu Rukang and Jalan Panpo, palaeo-anthropologists of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with archaeologists of our province, discovered a section of human femur fossil of 152.7 mm in length along the southern bank of Xiacaowan River in Sihong County, According to the results of quantitative analysis of fossils and fluorine, scholars believe that they should belong to the late Pleistocene human fossils, about 40,000 to 50,000 years ago. However, at that time, no formation of the strata representing the late Pleistocene was observed, which caused controversy in academia. Nearly a year or two of archaeologists conducted a series of inspections on the Lower Cheung Wan formation to confirm the existence of the late Pleistocene strata in Xiacaowan, thus providing a strong basis for the existence of the Lower Cavern Bay. In the recent two or three years, archaeologists and geologists in our province have worked closely together to make some new discoveries in Paleolithic archeology. May-August 1977, at Li