0引言棉花生产全程机械化是一项系统工程,涉及到棉花品种、农艺栽培模式、田间生产管理、残膜回收、化学脱叶催熟、机械采收、采后清理加工等诸多环节。目前,新疆棉花种植的犁、耙、播、中耕、化控及追肥等单项作业已基本实现了机械化,而收获作业机械化仍然是薄弱环节。随着棉花拾花劳动力成本的不断提高,新疆植棉户 0 Introduction The mechanization of cotton production is a systematic project, involving cotton varieties, agronomic cultivation mode, field production management, residual membrane recovery, chemical deflux ripening, mechanical harvesting, post-harvest cleaning and processing, and many other aspects. At present, the single operations such as plowing, raking, sowing, cultivating, chemical control and top dressing of cotton in Xinjiang have basically been mechanized, and the mechanization of harvesting is still the weak link. As the cost of cotton picking up labor continues to increase, Xinjiang cotton farmers