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比较了１２个同源四倍体大麦原种与其二倍体亲本在每穗小穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重、穗重和蛋白质含量上的差异。结果表明四倍体与二倍体在上述性状上存在着极显著的差异。在每穗小穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率和穗重上，四倍体不如二倍体；而千粒重和蛋白质含量上，四倍体则优于二倍体。四倍体原种间在上述性状上也表现出明显的差异，原种内不同单株在每穗实粒数和结实率上亦有很大在变幅。选择对部分原种的结实率有一定的正效应。
The differences of spikelet number per spike, number of spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, panicle weight and protein content of 12 autotetraploid barley cultivars and their diploid parents were compared. The results showed that tetraploid and diploid in the above traits there is a very significant difference. Tetraploid was inferior to diploid in spikelet number per spike, grain number per panicle, seed setting rate and panicle weight, while tetraploid was superior to diploid in grain weight and protein content. The tetraploid offspring also showed obvious differences in the above traits, and the variation amplitude of seed number and seed setting rate of different plants in the original seed was also significant. Select some of the original seed set rate have a certain positive effect.