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方东树所著《汉学商兑》的批判对象并非仅仅限于《国朝汉学师承记》,而是以批驳《国朝汉学师承记》为由展开对清代汉学的全面批判。虽说方东树在批驳对手时多主观臆断及肆意攻击之词,但从学术批判展开的具体方式及产生的影响看,《汉学商兑》不失为中国传统学术批评的经典著作。《汉学商兑》在体例选择、谋篇布局、重点议题的选择及论证等方面都与汉学家争锋相对,确有引发学界广泛关注及动摇对方根基的作用。在涉及训诂、制度等汉学家擅长的研究领域,方东树多采取回避、兼采、贬低的方式,少有正面交锋。对于无法反驳的问题,或以“理”压制汉学家,或以朝廷权威威胁对手,将学术交锋转换为政治问题,这在相当程度上削弱了《汉学商兑》的学术批判水准与价值。
Fang Dongshu’s Criticism of “Sinology” was not limited to the “Book of Sinologists of the Han Dynasty,” but rather launched a comprehensive critique of Sinology in the Qing Dynasty on the ground of criticizing the “Han Dynasty Chinese Scholarship Record”. Although Fang Dongshu criticized his opponents more subjective assumptions and wanton attacks on the word, but from the academic criticism of the specific ways and the impact of the impact, “Sinology Merchants” is a classic of China’s traditional academic criticism. Compared with sinologists in the aspects of system choice, arrangement of layouts, selection of key topics and argumentation, “Sinology Merchants Dui” does have aroused widespread attention and shakes the other party’s foundation. In the field of research that Sinologists such as Exegesis and Institutions are good at, Fang Dongshu uses fewer ways to avoid, adopt and demean each other, and there are few positive clashes. To the problems that can not be refuted or the suppression of sinologists with “management ” or threatening opponents with the authority of the court, the academic confrontation is transformed into a political issue, which considerably weakened the academic criticism and value of “Sinology” .