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目的评价2002年以后,中华人民共和国卫生部(MInistry Of Health Of the People’s Republic of China,MOH)/全球疫苗和免疫联盟(Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization,GAVI)合作项目乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,HepB)纳入免疫规划的效果。方法在全国68个项目县(区、市),采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取2002～2005年出生的儿童作为调查对象。通过调查问卷收集基本情况、HepB接种史等信息,同时采集血清标本2～4ml,现场分离血清后,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(Hepatitis B Surfance Antigen,HBsAg)、抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体、抗乙肝病毒核心抗原抗体。结果MOH/GAVI合作项目地区2002～2005年出生的儿童,HepB3剂全程免疫接种率为80.02%,HepB首剂及时接种率为60.06%;出生越晚,接种率越高,农村接种率低于城市;在家出生儿童接种率低于在医院出生儿童。项目地区2002～2005年出生儿童HBsAg携带率<2%。结论MOH/GAVI合作项目实施后,加快了HepB纳入免疫规划进程,HepB接种率显著提高,起到了良好的预防作用。
PURPOSE After 2002, the Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B) vaccine (MHA) / Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization (GAVI) program of the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China (MOH) Hepatitis B Vaccine, HepB) into the effects of immunization programs. Methods A total of 68 project counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China were recruited by random sampling method in multiple stages. Children born from 2002 to 2005 were selected as the survey subjects. The questionnaires were collected to collect the basic information and HepB inoculation history. At the same time, serum samples of 2 ~ 4 ml were collected. Serum samples were collected on the spot for detection of Hepatitis B Surfance Antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBV surface Antigen antibody, anti-hepatitis B virus core antigen antibody. Results In children born from 2002 to 2005 in MOH / GAVI cooperation project, the overall immunization coverage rate of HepB3 was 80.02% and the first dose of HepB was 60.06%. The later the birth, the higher the vaccination rate and the lower the vaccination rate in rural areas ; The birth rate at home was lower than that at birth in hospitals. The HBsAg carrier rate of children born from 2002 to 2005 in the project area is less than 2%. Conclusion After the implementation of the MOH / GAVI cooperation project, HepB has been accelerated into the immunization planning process and the HepB vaccination rate has been significantly improved, which has played a good preventive role.