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基于ITS-5.8s rDNA区序列,初步鉴定了浙江大学试验基地稻田土壤的8种常见真菌。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了井冈霉素、多菌灵、咪鲜胺和三唑酮4种常用杀菌剂对这8种土壤真菌的抑菌活性,以及多菌灵与咪鲜胺混用对禾柄锈菌、黑曲霉和长枝木霉3种真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明:8种真菌对咪鲜胺最敏感,EC50值在0.091~3.1 mg/L之间;多菌灵的EC50值在0.15~1.8 mg/L之间;三唑酮的EC50值在0.57~8.5 mg/L之间;井冈霉素的敏感性最低,EC50在12~94 mg/L之间。由4种杀菌剂的SSDs曲线分析结果得出,不同真菌对杀菌剂敏感性存在显著差异。当多菌灵与咪鲜胺按其EC50值分别以体积比3∶2、1∶1和7∶3混用时,增效系数分别为1.615、1.039和1.042,表现出一定的协同或相加作用。本研究结果为进一步阐明杀菌剂对稻田生态系统真菌群落的生态效应及杀菌剂的科学合理使用提供了重要依据。
Based on ITS-5.8s rDNA region sequence, 8 common fungi of paddy soil in Zhejiang University were preliminarily identified. The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the antimicrobial activities of four commonly used fungicides, validomycin, prochloraz, prochloraz and triadimefon against these eight soil fungi, and the combination of carbendazim with prochloraz Inhibition of mycelial growth of three fungi of Puccinia striiformis, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma longibrachiatus. The results showed that the eight fungi were most sensitive to prochloraz, with EC50 values of 0.091 ~ 3.1 mg / L, carbendazim EC50 of 0.15 ~ 1.8 mg / L, triadimefon EC50 of 0.57 ~ 8.5 mg / L; Jinggangmycin the lowest sensitivity, EC50 between 12 ~ 94 mg / L. According to the results of SSDs curve analysis of four fungicides, the sensitivity of different fungi to fungicides was significantly different. When carbendazim and prochloraz were mixed with EC50 values of 3: 2, 1: 1 and 7: 3 respectively, the synergistic coefficients were 1.615, 1.039 and 1.042 respectively, showing a synergistic or additive effect . The results of this study provide an important basis for further elucidating the ecological effects of bactericides on the fungal community in paddy field ecosystems and the scientific and rational use of bactericides.