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对304不锈钢在25~600℃进行热拉伸实验,得到了不同温度下的真实应力-应变曲线,并且通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)对拉伸断口及断口的形貌变化进行了分析。结果表明:随着实验温度的升高,304不锈钢的强度下降,塑性提高;在实验温度范围内,应变量小于2.5%,在达到同等变形量的条件下,室温下材料变形所需要的应力远高于加热情况下所需应力,这表明只要适当地升高温度,这种材料的塑性就会大为改善。当温度到达600℃时,材料的晶界明显弱化,断口韧窝形态减少,断裂以沿晶断裂为主。
The hot tensile test of 304 stainless steel was carried out at 25 ~ 600 ℃, and the real stress-strain curves at different temperatures were obtained. The tensile fracture and the fracture shape were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) Appearance changes were analyzed. The results show that with the increase of the experimental temperature, the strength of 304 stainless steel decreases and the plasticity increases. In the experimental temperature range, the strain amount is less than 2.5%. Under the same deformation, the stress required by material deformation at room temperature Higher than the stress required for heating, indicating that the plasticity of this material is greatly improved as long as the temperature is properly increased. When the temperature reached 600 ℃, the grain boundary of the material was obviously weakened, the morphology of the fracture dimples was reduced, and the fracture was mainly intergranular fracture.