前言(一)围绕自由、权利的“直接保障主义”和“间接保障主义”在展开本论之前有必要先解释一下作为专业术语的“直接保障主义”“间接保障主义”(以下这两个专业术语的引号省略)。这两个专业术语,是中国宪法学界从包括战时(1937年7月至1945年8月)在内的20世纪30年代到40年代使用的学术用语。因为本文的分析对象主要是1936年公布的《中华民国宪法草案》(《五五宪草》)和1946年制定的《中华民国宪法》,而这两个宪法与这 Foreword (a) “Direct Protectionism” and “Indirect Protectionism” around Freedom and Rights Before proceeding with this thesis, it is necessary to explain “indirect protectionism” as the jargon “(The following two terms are omitted). These two terms are the academic terms used by Chinese constitutional law from the 1930s to the 1940s, including wartime (July 1937 to August 1945). Because the main analysis of this article is the ”Draft Constitution of the Republic of China“ (”May 5 Constitution“) promulgated in 1936 and the ”Constitution of the Republic of China" formulated in 1946, and these two constitutions and