一、小序 如所周知,光谱学方面的观测数据和经验规律,曾经在原子结构理论的发生和发展中起了不可缺少的作用。特别是,当尼耳斯·玻尔把自己的注意力转到光谱学规律方面时,他关于原子结构的理论思索才豁然开朗而取得了本质性的进展——此事发生在1913年2月间,叫做玻尔的“二月转变”。事实上,在本世纪的最初一、二十年中,光谱学的资料在原子结构理论的实验基础中占了绝对优势。这种资料向理论物理学工作者们提供了层出不穷的研究课 First, the small sequence As we all know, spectroscopy observations and empirical laws, has played an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of atomic structure theory. In particular, as Niels Bohr turned his attention to the laws of spectroscopy, his theoretical thinking on the structure of the atoms was radically bright and substantial progress was made - something that happened in February 1913 Between, called Bohr’s “February shift.” In fact, in the first decade or two of this century, spectroscopy data accounted for an absolute advantage in the experimental basis of atomic structure theory. This kind of information provides an endless stream of research lessons to theoretical physicists