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对于相控阵馈源,其前端低噪放的噪声系数直接影响系统整体性能,在技术途径上,减小系统前端噪声系数的关键之一就是改善阵元与有源前端的匹配,即阻抗匹配。对于单个天线,阻抗匹配就是使得天线的输入阻抗等于低噪放的最佳源阻抗。但是对于相控阵,阵列的动态阻抗依赖于波束形成系数并且随着波束指向的变化而变化,阻抗匹配是比较复杂的。针对反射面相控馈源阵系统,采用HFSS-MATLAB联合仿真的方法,设计了馈源天线和低噪放,自动完成天线参数和低噪放最佳源阻抗的优化实现动态阻抗匹配和多波束平均最优阻抗匹配,最后系统仿真进行了验证。
For phased array feeds, the noise figure of front-end low-noise amplifier directly affects the overall performance of the system. One of the key points of reducing the front-end noise figure of the system is to improve the match between array element and active front-end, that is, the impedance matching . For a single antenna, impedance matching is such that the antenna’s input impedance is equal to the optimal source impedance for low noise rejection. But for phased arrays, the dynamic impedance of the array depends on the beamforming factor and varies with the beam pointing direction, impedance matching is more complicated. For the phased-array phased-array system, the HFSS-MATLAB co-simulation method is used to design the feed antenna and low noise amplifier. The antenna parameters are automatically optimized and the optimum source impedance with low noise is optimized. The dynamic impedance matching and multi-beam averaging Optimal impedance matching, the final system simulation was verified.