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永乐十一年(1413年)二月,明成祖朱棣以“思州思南苦田氏久矣,不可令遗孽复踵为患。”夏原吉等遵照皇帝旨意,迅即废除思州、思南宣慰司,以思州宣慰司原辖二十二长司之地,设置思州、黎平、新化、石阡四府,以思南宣慰司原辖十七长官司之地,设置思南、铜仁、镇远、乌罗四府。其镇远州、务川县亦各随地分隶。改土归流,府以上设流官由朝廷直接任命,同时在贵阳设置承宣布政使司,建立贵州行省。永乐十四年(1416年)又设立提刑按察使司。连同洪武十五年(1382年)设置的都指挥使司,分管全省民政、司法、事军的三司机构齐备了,一个界于湖广、云南、四川之间新的行省,便以崭新的面目展现在贵州的历史舞台上,贵州遂正式成为明朝的第十三个行省。
In February eleven years of Yongle (1413), Ming dynasty Zhu Di in order to “Sizhou Sinan Kurada’s long time, can not make the legacy of heresy.” Xia Yuanji follow the emperor’s will, immediately abolished Sizhou, thought South Xuanweisi, in order to think of state Xuanweisi original jurisdiction twenty-two long Secretary of the land, set Sizhou, Liping, Xinhua, Shiqian four houses, to Sinan Xuanweisi original seventeen long division of the land, Set Sinan, Tongren, Zhenyuan, Wulu Si Fu. The town of Yuanzhou, Wuchuan County also follow the rules. Change the land back to home, the government set up by the court directly under the appointment of court officials at the same time set in Guiyang Chenggu announced the establishment of Guizhou Province. In the fourteen years of Yongle (1416), it also set up a criminal justice department. Together with the 15th year of Hongwu Command (1382), both the Command and Control Division and the three divisions in charge of civil affairs, judiciary and affairs of the province are in place. A new province between Huguang, Yunnan and Sichuan has been established. The face of Guizhou’s historical stage, Guizhou officially became the Ming Dynasty’s thirteenth province.