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一、引言 1882年3月24日,伟大的医学家R.Koch在柏林生理学会宣读一个令人信服的科研报告,确证结核杆菌是当时严重威胁人类健康的结核病的病原体,除在各类结核病人的结核灶以及大量动物结核病灶中找到结核杆菌外,Koch又用结核病人的痰,干酪物或各种自然发生结核病的动物的结核性“物质”移种于健康动物,共进行13批实验,在这些感染结核病的动物的肺结核结节中均可找见结核杆菌。此外,还对结核菌的培养特性作了广泛仔细的探索,提出痰结核菌检查作为诊断手段,特别论及控制传染源的重要性,Koch庄严宣称:他的研究是为了公共卫生的利益,为人类谋幸福。对这一重大发现,当时的科学家均给以高度
I. Introduction On March 24, 1882, R.Koch, a great physician, read a convincing scientific report at the Berlin Physiological Society confirming that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogen of tuberculosis that was a serious threat to human health at that time. In addition to all kinds of tuberculosis patients Of tuberculosis and tuberculosis in a large number of animal tuberculosis, Koch transplanted tuberculosis “substance” of sputum, cheese or various naturally occurring tuberculosis animals in a group of healthy animals for 13 batches of experiments, Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be found in the tuberculosis tuberculosis of these animals infected with tuberculosis. In addition, a broad and careful examination of the culture characteristics of TB was made, with sputum TB tests being presented as a diagnostic tool, with particular reference to the importance of controlling sources of infection. Koch solemnly declared that his research was for the benefit of public health, Human beings seek happiness. At this major discovery, scientists at the time gave high marks