论文部分内容阅读
为了明确河南省不同生态区稻-麦两熟制机插条件下,播期对不同品种类型水稻产量、生育期及温光利用的影响,以常规中熟中粳、常规和杂交迟熟中粳、常规早熟晚粳和迟熟中籼为材料,采用毯状小苗机插栽培方式,在豫南罗山、豫中新蔡、豫北原阳3个试点,通过分期播种试验,研究播期对不同品种类型水稻产量、生育期及温光源利用的影响。在试验设置的播期范围内,除了中熟中粳的产量在罗山和新蔡点是5月16日(第Ⅱ期)最高、在原阳点是5月11日(第Ⅰ期)最高外,常规和杂交迟熟中粳、常规早熟晚粳和迟熟中籼4种品种类型水稻的产量在各点均是5月11日(第Ⅰ期)最高,且随着播期的推迟呈逐渐下降趋势,但品种类型间和试点间下降的差异显著性不同。随着播期的推迟,同一试点品种类型间的产量差异呈逐渐增大趋势,杂交迟熟中粳的产量在各试点均是最高,且在每一期均极显著高于其他品种类型(P<0.01)。随着播期的推迟,不同品种类型水稻的拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期相应推迟,全生育期呈极显著缩短趋势(P<0.01);不同品种类型水稻全生育期的积温、日照时数及温光利用率均呈极显著的减少趋势(P<0.01);生育期的缩短主要表现在播种-拔节期的营养生长阶段。在河南省不同生态区稻麦两熟机插条件下,豫南稻区首选杂交和常规迟熟中粳,其次是早熟晚粳,适宜播期均为5月11日-5月25日;豫北沿黄稻区首选杂交迟熟中粳和中熟中粳,其次是常规迟熟中粳,适宜播期均为5月11日-5月21日。该研究结果为河南省不同生态区水稻生产机械化高产栽培及配套品种的科学选用与布局提供参考。
In order to clarify the effects of sowing date on yield, growth period and temperature and light utilization of different rice varieties in different ecological regions of Henan Province, , Conventional early-maturing late japonica rice and late maturing medium-season indica rice were planted in three locations: Luoshan in Henan Province, Xinzai in Henan Province, and Yuanyang in Henan Province. The effects of different sowing dates Effects of different types of rice yield, growth period and temperature light source utilization. Within the sowing date set in the experiment, the yield of mid-maturing medium japonica rice was the highest on May 16 (the second phase) and the highest on May 11 (the first phase) in Luoyang and Xin Cai. , The yield of conventional and hybrid late-maturing medium japonica rice, conventional early maturing late japonica rice and late maturing medium indica rice were the highest at all points on May 11 (the first period), and gradually decreased with the delay of sowing date However, the differences between the types of cultivars and the descents of the experimental groups were significantly different. With the delay of sowing date, the yield difference of the same experimental varieties showed a gradual increasing trend. The yield of middle late maturing japonica hybrids was the highest in each experiment, and was significantly higher in each experimental period than in other cultivars (P <0.01). With the delay of sowing date, the jointing, heading and maturity stages of different rice varieties were postponed correspondingly, and the whole growth period was significantly shortened (P <0.01). The accumulated temperature, sunshine hours (P <0.01). The shortening of the growth period was mainly in the stage of vegetative growth during sowing-jointing stage. In different ecological regions of Henan Province rice and wheat under the conditions of two sets of machines, the preferred southern hybrid rice and conventional late maturing japonica, followed by early maturing late japonica, suitable sowing date May 11 -5 25 May; The north along the Yellow River region preferred hybrid late maturity medium and medium maturity japonica, followed by the conventional late maturity medium japonica, suitable sowing date May 11 - May 21. The results provide reference for scientific selection and layout of mechanized high-yielding rice cultivation and its related varieties in different ecological zones of Henan Province.