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东北是世界三大黑土带之一,是我国的大粮仓,保护好这一块独特优质的农业资源,实现永续利用和农业可持续发展,意义十分重大。近年来,东北地区在连年增产的同时,也出现了黑土退化问题。东北黑土区土地面积约103万平方公里,其中耕地面积4.5亿亩左右。2013年,东北黑土区粮食产量2605亿斤,占全国22%,粮食商品率60%以上,是我国最大的商品粮供给基地。
Northeast China is one of the three major black soil zones in the world and is the largest granary in China. It is of great significance to protect this unique high-quality agricultural resource and achieve sustainable utilization and sustainable development of agriculture. In recent years, while the northeast region has been increasing its production year after year, black soil degradation has also emerged. Northeast black soil area of about 1030000 square kilometers, of which 4500000 acres of arable land. In 2013, the grain output in the black soil area in the northeast China was 260.5 billion kilograms, accounting for 22% of the national total. The grain commodity rate was above 60%, making it the largest commodity grain supply base in China.