一、关于古典主义与审美主义周来祥、陈炎在《中西美学比较大纲》中指出:“‘古典主义’有广、狭二义。狭义的‘古典主义’是指发源于17世纪的法国,波及当时整个欧洲的‘新古典主义’文艺思潮。广义的‘古典主义’则是建立在素朴辩证法基础之上的,以调和矛盾、强调平衡、回避冲突,向往和谐为主要特征的美学原则。我们认为,在中西文艺史上,前资本主义时代,尤其是封建时代的绝大部分文艺作品,都是这一原则的产物。”这种划分,在本质上更倾向于文化哲学的角度,而非就文艺论文艺,它是从文化哲学角度对文艺发展及其精神型态的规定。很富有启迪意义,但还不是本文所谓的“古典主义”。苏联哲学家弗·让·凯勒主编的《文化的本质与历程》一书,提出了马克思文化哲学 First, on the classicism and aestheticism Zhoulaixiang, Chen Yan in the “Outline of Aesthetics of China and the West,” pointed out: “’Classicism’ there are broad and narrow sense of the term ’Classicism’ refers to the French originated in the 17th century, spread The ”neoclassical“ ideology of literature and art in Europe at that time and the broad definition of ”classicism“ was based on the basic principles of simple dialectics, with the aesthetic principle of reconciling contradictions, emphasizing balance, avoiding conflicts and longing for harmony. , In the history of Chinese and Western literature, most of the literary and artistic works in the pre-capitalist era, especially in the feudal era, are the result of this principle. ”This division is essentially in the perspective of cultural philosophy rather than literary On literature and art, it is from the cultural and philosophical perspective on the development of literature and art and the spirit of its provisions. Very enlightening, but not the so-called “classicism” in this article. The book “Essence and Course of Culture” authored by Soviet philosopher F. Jean Keller put forward Marxist philosophy of culture