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本文主要以岩石试件切口在单轴压缩条件下的扩张来模拟大陆内部断层端部扩张型地震的孕育过程。在实验中观测了试件在外力作用下的应力-应变关系、张裂纹和剪切破坏在时间和空间上的扩展顺序,以及由此引起的声发射和纵波走时变化特征。根据实验结果讨论了由断层端部扩展引起地震的前兆——如断层蠕滑、前震迁移路径、地下水和地形变等各类地震前兆上显示的差异性,对于观测前兆和前震区与主震区的相对位置,具有一定的指导意义。
In this paper, the expansion of rock specimen under uniaxial compression is mainly used to simulate the inoculation process of the end-expansive-type earthquakes in the interior of the continent. In the experiment, the stress-strain relationship of the specimen under external force, the order of expansion of the crack and shear failure in time and space, and the characteristics of the acoustic emission and the longitudinal wave propagation are observed. Based on the experimental results, the differences of precursors caused by the extension of the fault tip, such as fault creep, migration path of foreshocks, groundwater and topography, are discussed. For the precursors of the observation and the precursors and the main shock zone The relative position, has a certain guiding significance.