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关于人力资本与经济增长之间的关系,现阶段仍然存在着分歧。通过对美国、日本和韩国增长经验的总结和对中国人力资本积累的分析,认为中国目前仍处于人力资本边际收益递增阶段。从政府人力资本投资的视角出发,通过构建内生增长理论和实证检验,认为中国政府人力资本投资与经济增长之间存在着倒U型关系。此外,中国政府人力资本投资占比相对其最优规模至少还将有8.35%左右的提升空间。因此,中国未来应继续加大人力资本的投资力度来促进经济增长。
As for the relationship between human capital and economic growth, differences still exist at this stage. Through the summary of the growth experiences of the United States, Japan and South Korea and the analysis of the accumulation of human capital in China, it is believed that China is still in the stage of increasing marginal returns to human capital. From the perspective of government human capital investment, through the construction of endogenous growth theory and empirical test, it is considered that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the Chinese government’s human capital investment and economic growth. In addition, the proportion of Chinese government human capital investment relative to its optimal size will be at least about 8.35% of the room for improvement. Therefore, in the future, China should continue to increase investment in human capital to promote economic growth.