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人因失误对核反应堆运行风险有重要意义。对人因失误的洞察和分析模型是人因可靠性分析的两个主要组成部分。对人因失误的洞察,包括人因失误概念,失误性质,发生机理,人误分类和行为影响因素等。在核反应堆运行过程中,人因失误定义为任务-人-机的失调。人因失误事件强调执行中的错误行为和由此引起不愉快的结果。在执行任务的时间限制上有时间-限制型和时间-开放型的操作两种。HCR模型仅适用于时间-限制型的。认识基本过程包括信息收集,认识/思考、决策和行动等四个基本阶段。人误可在任一阶段中发生并具有持续性。文中还描述较自然的人误分类方式和人的行为影响因素,包括个人、集体、组织管理和环境等方面的因素。
Human error is of great significance to the operational risk of nuclear reactors. An insight and analysis of human error models are two major components of human reliability analysis. Insights on human error, including the concept of human error, the nature of error, the mechanism of occurrence, human error classification and behavioral factors. During the operation of nuclear reactors, human error was defined as task-man-machine imbalance. Human error events emphasize wrongdoing in execution and the consequent unpleasant consequences. Time constraints in the implementation of the mandate - limited and time - open operation of two. The HCR model is only for time-limited type. The basic process of cognition includes four basic stages of information collection, cognition / thinking, decision-making and action. Human error can occur and persist in any phase. The article also describes the more natural way of human misclassification and human behavior factors, including personal, collective, organizational management and environmental factors.