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土壤可蚀性是影响坡面水蚀过程的内在因素,与土壤质地,土壤有机质等理化性质密切相关。本研究利用田间人工模拟降雨观测资料,分析了侵蚀过程中流失土壤颗粒组成的变化。结果表明:(1)在次降雨过程中,流失土壤颗粒组成不断变化。随着降雨的进行,细砂含量逐步增加,而粉粒含量基本不变,黏粒含量逐渐减小;(2)雨强是影响流失土壤颗粒组成的重要因素。随雨强增加,细砂含量呈逐步增大的趋势,而粉粒与黏粒含量均逐步下降;(3)坡度对流失土壤颗粒组成影响比较复杂。随坡度增加,细砂含量先增大后减小,粉粒与黏粒含量先减小后增大;在20°坡度时,细砂含量最大,粉粒与黏粒含量最小。
Soil erodibility is an inherent factor that affects the process of water erosion. It is closely related to soil texture, soil organic matter and other physical and chemical properties. In this study, field simulated precipitation data were used to analyze the change of soil particle composition during erosion. The results show that: (1) In the process of rainfall, the composition of soil particles changed continuously. With the progress of rainfall, the content of fine sand gradually increased, while the content of silt remained unchanged and the content of clay decreased gradually. (2) The rainfall intensity was an important factor affecting the composition of soil particles lost. With the increase of rainfall intensity, fine sand content tends to increase gradually, while the content of silt and clay decreases gradually. (3) The influence of slope on soil particle composition is relatively complicated. With the increase of slope, the content of fine sand first increased and then decreased, and the content of silt and clay decreased at first and then increased. At the slope of 20 °, the content of fine sand was the largest while the content of silt and clay was the smallest.