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目的探讨成都城乡地区中老年人群高血压患病状况及危险因素,为今后成都市高血压防治奠定基础。方法 2008年在成都地区调查了中老年人群高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率,分析了高血压患病的危险因素。样本的获取采用分层整群抽样的方法 ,以社区(村)为单位,抽取成都市2008年城乡社区年龄>40～79岁人群5205人进行高血压及相关因素的调查。结果成都地区中老年人群高血压患病率34.62%,标准化率为32.08%。高血压患病率随年龄增大而逐渐增高。成都地区中老年人群高血压知晓率为60.01%、治疗率为43.45%、控制率为20.70%,城市人群高血压知晓率为62.35%、治疗率为45.42%、控制率为22.12%,明显高于农村的46.09%、32.48%、12.77%(均P<0.01)。成都地区中老年男性人群高血压患病危险因素为增龄、一级亲属高血压病史、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖、糖尿病、高三酰甘油血症、饮食偏咸;成都地区中老年女性高血压患病危险因素为一级亲属高血压病史、超重或肥胖、腹型肥胖、糖尿病、高三酰甘油血症及吸烟。结论成都地区中老年人群高血压患病率近十年来呈较快上升趋势。成都地区人群高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率较近十年前明显提高,但仍不理想。不同性别的人群高血压防治应有所偏向。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly population in urban and rural areas in Chengdu, and to lay the foundation for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in Chengdu in the future. Methods In 2008, the prevalence of hypertension, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu were investigated. The risk factors of hypertension were analyzed. The samples were obtained by stratified cluster sampling method. Based on the community (village), 5205 urban and rural community age groups> 40-79 years old in Chengdu were recruited for the survey of hypertension and related factors in 2008. Results The prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu was 34.62% with a standardization rate of 32.08%. Hypertension prevalence increased with age and gradually increased. In Chengdu, the awareness rate of hypertension was 60.01%, treatment rate was 43.45%, control rate was 20.70%, the awareness rate of hypertension in urban population was 62.35%, treatment rate was 45.42%, control rate was 22.12%, which was significantly higher than 46.09%, 32.48% and 12.77% in rural areas (all P <0.01). The risk factors for hypertension in middle-aged and elderly male population in Chengdu were age-related hypertension, history of first-degree relatives hypertension, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, salty diet; middle-aged and elderly women with hypertension in Chengdu Risk factors for first-degree relatives of hypertension history, overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu shows a rapid upward trend in recent ten years. In Chengdu, the rate of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the population increased significantly compared with that of a decade ago, but it is still not satisfactory. Hypertension prevention and treatment in different genders should be biased.