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【目的】完善海罂粟属(Glaucium L.)的系统分类,了解各种之间的抗旱性差别,为新疆植物的系统分类提供参考。【方法】应用叶片离析法和石蜡切片法,在光学显微镜下观察海罂粟属(Glaucium L.)3种植物的叶表皮特征和叶解剖学特征,测量并统计了气孔器类型、气孔大小、气孔密度、气孔指数及组织结构紧密度等指标。【结果】表皮细胞为多边形和无规则形,垂周壁为平直、弓形、波状和深波状;上下表皮均有气孔器,气孔下陷,形状为圆形、椭圆形;气孔器类型均以无规则和四分体型为主,偶有不等细胞型;上表皮气孔密度大于下表皮;叶片均为异面叶。【结论】海罂粟属植物气孔器和叶表皮细胞特征在种间差异比较明显,可以作为种间鉴定的重要依据,具有重要的分类学意义;新疆海罂粟(G.squamigerum Karelin & Kirilov)的抗旱能力最强,海罂粟(G.fimbrilligerum Boissier)次之,天山海罂粟(G.elegans Fischer & C.A.Meyer)最弱。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to improve the systematic classification of Glaucium L. and to understand the differences in drought resistance among different species, providing a reference for the systematic classification of plants in Xinjiang. 【Method】 Leaf epidermis and leaf anatomical characteristics of three plants of Glaucium L. were observed under a light microscope. Leaf stomatal type, stomatal size, stomata Density, stomatal index and tightness of tissue structure and other indicators. 【Result】 The epidermal cells were polygons and irregular shape. The apical wall was straight, arched, wavy and deep wavy. The upper epidermis and epidermis both had stomatal apparatus and stomatal depression. The shape of stomatal apparatus was round and oval. The types of stomatal apparatus were irregular And tetrad type, occasionally ranging from cell type; upper epidermal stoma density is greater than the lower epidermis; leaves are heterogeneous leaves. 【Conclusion】 The characteristics of stomatal apparatus and leaf epidermal cells of Papaver spp. Were significantly different among species and could be used as an important basis for the identification of species. It has important taxonomic significance. The drought resistance of G. squamigerum Karelin & Kirilov The strongest, followed by G.fimbrilligerum Boissier, Gélegans Fischer & CAMeyer.