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目的了解贵阳市疟疾流行概况与防治历程,总结评估贵阳市消除疟疾工作,为其他地区实施消除疟疾行动计划及开展评估工作提供参考依据。方法对贵阳市1950—2013年疟疾防治疫情数据、报表、文件、工作计划、防治策略与措施等资料进行描述性分析和总结,根据国家卫生计生委《消除疟疾考核评估方案(2013年版)》,从历史疫情概况、保障与能力建设、消除措施3个方面对消除疟疾工作进行评估。结果疟疾曾是严重危害贵阳市人民健康的传染病,1950—1966年,本地病例较多。消除疟疾阶段贵阳市建立多部门联防联控工作机制,人员、物资、经费保障到位,按《贵州省消除疟疾考核评估实施细则(2013年版)》要求开展消除和巩固工作,乡镇卫生院以上医疗机构均设立疟防科室,每年度血检数均达到总人口2‰以上,血片复核率均达到要求,无本地病例发生,2011—2013年报告的11例输入疫情均及时有效控制。媒介监测贵阳市的主要流行蚊种为中华按蚊,但由于数量少、分布散,近年来的输入性病例均未因当地传播媒介而引起二代病例。结论贵阳市经过多年疟疾防治,连续保持8年无本地疟疾病例,达到消除疟疾标准。境外输入性疟疾是今后贵阳市疟疾防控工作的重点。
Objective To understand the general situation of malaria and its prevention and treatment in Guiyang, summarize and evaluate the malaria elimination work in Guiyang, and provide a reference for implementing malaria elimination plan and assessment in other areas. Methods A descriptive analysis and summary of the malaria epidemic situation data, reports, documents, work plans, prevention and control strategies and measures from 1950 to 2013 in Guiyang were conducted. According to the National Health and Family Planning Commission’s “Eradicating Malaria Assessment and Assessment Program (2013 Edition)”, The evaluation of malaria elimination work was conducted from three aspects of the general situation of historical epidemic situation, safeguard and capacity building, and elimination measures. As a result, malaria was an infectious disease that seriously endangered the health of the people in Guiyang. From 1950 to 1966, there were more local cases. Elimination of malaria phase Guiyang City, the establishment of multi-sectoral joint prevention and control work mechanism, personnel, supplies, funding protection in place, according to “Guizhou Province to eliminate malaria appraisal assessment rules (2013 edition)” to carry out the elimination and consolidation work, township hospitals and above medical institutions All malaria prevention departments were established. The blood test numbers reached more than 2 ‰ every year, and the blood chip review rates met the requirements. No local cases were reported. The 11 imported cases reported in 2011-2013 were effectively controlled in time. However, due to the small population and scattered distribution, none of the imported cases in recent years was caused by the local media and caused the second generation of cases. Conclusion After years of malaria control and prevention in Guiyang, it has maintained 8 years of no local malaria cases and reached the malaria elimination standard. Enter malaria abroad is the focus of malaria prevention and control work in Guiyang.