恶性胸膜间皮瘤(MPM)是发生于胸膜间皮细胞而恶性程度较高的一种罕见肿瘤。由于该病无典型表现,误诊率很高,预后较差,早期诊断及正确评估已成为MPM诊治的必然趋势。影像学检查在MPM的诊断、分期及病情评估中起了非常重要的作用。现就多种影像学检查方法在胸膜间皮瘤诊断、分期、指导治疗及判断预后中的价值作一综述。 Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignant tumor that occurs in pleural mesothelial cells with a high degree of malignancy. Because of the typical characteristics of the disease, misdiagnosis rate is high, the prognosis is poor, early diagnosis and correct assessment has become an inevitable trend of diagnosis and treatment of MPM. Imaging examination plays a very important role in the diagnosis, staging and assessment of MPM. Now a variety of imaging methods in the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma, staging, guiding the treatment and prognosis of the value is reviewed.