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目的:调查城乡18岁及以上未婚青年对乙肝病毒相关知识的掌握情况并比较。方法:在吉林市城区和外县乡镇居民体检时,各选择286例城市居民和269例农村居民作为本次调查研究的对象。所有对象体检结果均未感染乙肝病毒,年龄介于18岁以上,未婚青年。采用自行设计问卷,从乙肝病毒相关知识知晓率、知识获取途径和歧视情况三方面进行调查;结果:在知晓率方面,城市组和农村组居民关于“乙肝是一种传染病”的知晓率分别为100%和99.26%。关于“规范注射乙肝疫苗”的知晓率分别为90.91%和88.85%。关于“非一次性使用采血针或注射针”的知晓率分别为98.95%和96.65%。关于“性生活防护”的知晓率分别为93.01%和88.48%。在乙肝病毒相关知识获取途径方面,城市组与乡村组居民通过电视广播获取知识的比例分别为40.21%和39.78%,通过网络途径分别为8.04%和13.01%。在歧视情况方面,城市组与乡村组居民在“握手”方面的歧视率分别为4.90%和3.35%。除以上各项比较,差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),其余各项比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对农村居民,需要加强乙肝病毒相关知识的宣传和教育工作。对城市居民,需要为乙肝携带者创造平等的生活和工作条件,降低歧视情况的发生。
Objective: To investigate and compare the knowledge of hepatitis B virus in urban and rural unmarried 18 years old and above. Methods: During the medical examination of urban residents and urban residents of other counties in Jilin City, 286 urban residents and 269 rural residents were selected as the objects of this survey. All subjects were not infected with the hepatitis B virus test results, aged over 18 years old, unmarried youth. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the awareness of HBV-related knowledge, access to knowledge and discrimination. Results: In the aspect of awareness rate, residents in urban and rural areas knew about “hepatitis B is an infectious disease” Rates were 100% and 99.26% respectively. On the “standard injection of hepatitis B vaccine” awareness rates were 90.91% and 88.85%. The awareness rates for “non-disposable lancets or needles” were 98.95% and 96.65%, respectively. The awareness rates on “Sexual Protection” were 93.01% and 88.48% respectively. In terms of access to relevant knowledge of hepatitis B virus, the proportion of residents in urban areas and rural areas acquiring knowledge through television broadcasting was 40.21% and 39.78% respectively, with 8.04% and 13.01% respectively through the Internet. In the case of discrimination, the discrimination rates of urban and rural residents in terms of “handshake” were 4.90% and 3.35% respectively. In addition to the above comparison, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05), the rest of the comparison, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: For rural residents, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of hepatitis B virus-related knowledge. For urban residents, it is necessary to create equal living and working conditions for hepatitis B carriers and reduce the incidence of discrimination.