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目的探讨甘草提取物与氯硝柳胺复配用药的灭螺效果,为氯硝柳胺的联合用药方案提供参考依据。方法采用室内浸杀法,观察氯硝柳胺与甘草提取物的抑螺效果,并将300mg/L和150mg/L的甘草提取物分别与不同浓度氯硝柳胺复配,在室温条件下浸泡钉螺24、48、72h,观察钉螺上爬及死亡情况,测定LC50值与增效比SR。结果氯硝柳胺浸泡钉螺24、48、72h后的LC50值分别为0.100、0.072和0.053mg/L;300mg/L甘草提取物与不同浓度的氯硝柳胺复配灭螺24、48、72h后的LC50值分别为0.029、0.017和0.011mg/L,增效比SR分别为3.45、4.24和4.82;150mg/L甘草提取物与不同浓度的氯硝柳胺复配后浸泡24、48、72h的LC50值分别为0.064、0.024和0.014mg/L,增效比SR分别为1.56、3.00和3.78。氯硝柳胺单独用药48h钉螺死亡率分别为78.9%、53.3%、32.2%、17.8%、11.1%和7.8%,与300mg/L甘草提取物联合用药48h钉螺死亡率分别为100%、83.3%、80.0%、53.3%、46.7%和23.3%,差异均有统计学意义(χ20.200=21.24,χ20.100=18.72,χ20.500=41.71,χ20.025=24.83,χ20.0125=27.69、χ20.00625=8.29,均P<0.01)。与150mg/L甘草提取物联合用药48h钉螺死亡率分别为100%、80.0%、56.7%、53.3%、43.3%和20.0%,差异均有统计学意义(χ20.200=21.24,χ20.100=14.4,χ20.500=10.89,χ20.025=24.83,χ20.0125=23.85、χ20.00625=5.62,均P<0.05)。结论甘草提取物具有显著抑制钉螺离水上爬的作用,与氯硝柳胺复配后能明显增强杀螺效果,减少氯硝柳胺的使用剂量,值得进一步研究应用。
Objective To investigate the snail-killing effect of licorice extract combined with niclosamide to provide a reference for the combination regimen of niclosamide. Methods Indoor immersion method was used to observe the effect of niclosamide and licorice extract on the effect of snail control. The extract of 300 mg / L and 150 mg / L of licorice were separately mixed with different concentrations of niclosamide and immersed at room temperature Oncomelania 24,48,72 h, snail climb and death observed, measured LC50 value and synergistic ratio SR. Results The LC50 values of niclosamide soaked in snails for 24, 48, and 72 h were 0.100, 0.072 and 0.053 mg / L, respectively. The combination of 300 mg / L licorice extract and different concentrations of niclosamide killed molluscicides for 24, 48 and 72 h The LC50 values were 0.029, 0.017 and 0.011 mg / L, respectively, and the synergistic ratios SR were 3.45, 4.24 and 4.82, respectively. After the mixture of 150 mg / L licorice extract and different concentrations of niclosamide was immersed for 24, 48 and 72 h The LC50 values were 0.064, 0.024 and 0.014 mg / L, respectively, and the SRs were 1.56, 3.00 and 3.78, respectively. The mortality of Oncomelania snails treated with niclosamide for 48 h was 78.9%, 53.3%, 32.2%, 17.8%, 11.1% and 7.8%, respectively. The mortality rates of Oncomelania snails were 100%, 83.3% , 80.0%, 53.3%, 46.7% and 23.3%, respectively (χ20.200 = 21.24, χ20.100 = 18.72, χ20.500 = 41.71, χ20.025 = 24.83, χ20.0125 = 27.69, χ20.00625 = 8.29, all P <0.01). The mortality of Oncomelania snails at 48 h after oral administration of 150 mg / L licorice root extract were 100%, 80.0%, 56.7%, 53.3%, 43.3% and 20.0%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ20.200 = 21.24, χ20.100 = 14.4, χ20.500 = 10.89, χ20.025 = 24.83, χ20.0125 = 23.85, χ20.00625 = 5.62, all P <0.05). Conclusion Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract can significantly inhibit snail climbing from the water, and with niclosamide can significantly enhance the snail killing effect and reduce the dose of niclosamide, worth further study and application.