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由于中生代形成期有利的地质条件,西非盆地群赋存了极其丰富的油气资源。油气分布明显受沉积相带和构造带控制,即平行于构造带走向从东南向西北呈带状富集,形成多个油气富集带。主要分两个带:其一是由喀麦隆火山脊向南延伸至纳米比亚鲸海岭的含油气盆地,形成了一个富油气带,即中-南海岸盆地带;其二是尼日尔三角洲带,油气明显呈扇形分布。同时,海岸盆地广泛发育封闭性良好的盐岩层,岩盐的分布控制了油气藏的分布。
Owing to the favorable geological conditions during Mesozoic formation, the West African basin group has extremely rich oil and gas resources. The distribution of oil and gas is obviously controlled by sedimentary facies belts and structural belts, that is, parallel to the strike of tectonic belts, there are belt-like enrichments from southeast to northwest and multiple hydrocarbon-rich belts are formed. There are two major belts: one is a petroliferous basin extending southward from the volcanic ridge of Cameroon to the whale ridge of Namibia, forming a hydrocarbon-rich zone, ie, the Central-South Coast basin zone; the other is the Niger Delta with obvious oil and gas Fan-shaped distribution. At the same time, well closed salt rock formations are widely developed in the coastal basin, and the distribution of rock salt controls the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs.