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目的了解台州市儿童急性呼吸道感染常见病毒临床分布特征,为呼吸道病毒感染的预防和治疗提供参考。方法选取台州市第一人民医院门诊和住院诊断为急性呼吸道感染的患儿1 808例,采取患儿鼻咽部标本,采用直接免疫荧光法对标本进行甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)、副流感病毒1、2和3型(PIV1、PIV2和PIV3)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)以及腺病毒(ADV)抗原检测。结果1 808例患儿标本中检出至少1种病毒的阳性标本505例,阳性率为27.93%。其中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和甲型流感病毒(IFVA)阳性率较高,分别为9.96%(180/1 808)和8.52%(154/1 808),副流感病毒1和2型(PIV1和PIV2)阳性率较低,分别为0.88%(16/1 808)和0.55%(10/1 808),2种以上病毒混合感染率为0.94%(17/1 808)。不同性别患儿病毒检出率差异无统计学意义。随着年龄增长,病毒检出率呈下降趋势,1岁以内患儿病毒检出率较高。病毒检出高峰为冬春季,夏季检出率较低。结论本地区儿童急性呼吸道感染患者7种常见病毒均可检出,IFVA和RSV是呼吸道感染中最常见的病毒;1岁以内患儿病毒阳性检出率较高,冬春季节是呼吸道病毒的高发季节。
Objective To understand the clinical distribution of common acute respiratory infections in children in Taizhou and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of respiratory virus infection. Methods A total of 1 808 children diagnosed as acute respiratory infection were selected from the outpatient and inpatient department of Taizhou First People’s Hospital. Nasopharyngeal samples from children were collected. The samples were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), influenza B (influenza B) (IFVB), parainfluenza types 1, 2 and 3 (PIV1, PIV2 and PIV3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus (ADV) antigens. Results A total of 505 positive samples were detected in 1 808 cases of children with at least 1 virus, the positive rate was 27.93%. The positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A virus (IFVA) were 9.96% (180/1808) and 8.52% (154/1808), respectively. Parainfluenza viruses type 1 and 2 (PIV1 And PIV2) were 0.88% (16/1 808) and 0.55% (10/1 808) respectively, and the mixed infection rate of two or more viruses was 0.94% (17/1 808). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of virus among children of different genders. With the increase of age, the detection rate of the virus shows a downward trend, and the detection rate of the virus in children under 1 year old is higher. The peak of virus detection in winter and spring, the detection rate in summer is lower. CONCLUSIONS: Seven common viruses are detected in children with acute respiratory infection in children in this area. IFVA and RSV are the most common viruses in respiratory tract infections. Viruses are positive in children under 1 year of age and high in winter and spring season.