年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)是一种年龄、遗传和环境等多因素相互作用导致的疾病。炎症反应在AMD的发病中扮演重要的角色。副炎症反应介于基础水平和经典炎症反应之间，对于维持组织稳态有重要作用，副炎症失调则表现为慢性非可控性炎症。近年来，大量研究聚焦于AMD发病机制中慢性非可控性炎症的发生及意义，其中小胶质细胞功能失调发挥重要作用。各种因素引起的小胶质细胞异常活化均可导致副炎症反应失调。本文就AMD中视网膜小胶质细胞功能障碍的原因及其影响进行综述，以期探讨视网膜副炎症反应失调在AMD发病中的作用。“,”Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease caused by multiple factors such as age, genetics and environmental risks.Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AMD.Between the basal level and the classic inflammatory response, the parainflammation plays an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis.The dysregulated parainflammation is manifested as uncontrollable chronic inflammation.In recent years, a large number of studies have focused on the contribution of chronic non-resolving inflammation to the development of AMD, in which microglial dysfunction plays a significant part.The abnormal activation of microglia caused by various factors can lead to the disorder of the parainflammation.The causes and results of retinal microglial dysfunction were reviewed in this article, so as to focus on dysregulated parainflammation in AMD.