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纳米氧化物的可控制备是提高其应用性能的前提条件。水热反应目前被广泛用于制备纳米氧化物材料,然而由于水热反应是在密闭环境中进行,很难研究前驱体的溶解过程,溶解后在溶液中的配位情况、晶体成核、生长过程以及形成的中间相,因此,难以实现材料的目标制备。同步辐射具有高强度、高亮度、高准直、宽频谱等诸多优点,通过设计和构建特殊的反应装置,可以应用同步辐射光源原位研究纳米氧化物在水热条件下的生长过程。本文结合本课题组及国际的研究工作介绍了原位反应装置的设计原则,以及基于同步辐射光源的原位X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线吸收精细结构谱(XAFS)和小角X射线散射(SAXS)研究纳米氧化物水热生长机理的最新进展,并展望了其发展趋势。
Controllable preparation of nano-oxide is a prerequisite to improve its application performance. Hydrothermal reaction is widely used in the preparation of nano-oxide materials. However, hydrothermal reaction is carried out in a closed environment, it is difficult to study the dissolution process of precursors, coordination in solution after solution, crystal nucleation, growth Process and the formation of the intermediate phase, therefore, difficult to achieve the target material preparation. Synchrotron radiation has many advantages such as high intensity, high brightness, high collimation and wide spectrum. By designing and constructing a special reaction device, synchrotron radiation can be used to study the growth process of nano-oxide under hydrothermal conditions in situ. In this paper, the design principles of in-situ reaction apparatus and the X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and small angle X-ray scattering SAXS) to study the latest progress of nano-oxide hydrothermal growth mechanism, and its development trend.