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目的了解掌握上海市二级医院细菌耐药情况。方法采用回顾性调查方法,收集2015年上海市6所二级医院住院患者送检标本中分离病原菌资料进行分析,细菌分离、鉴定与药敏试验方法依照美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)2015年版标准进行。结果 2015年临床共分离病原菌9 300株,其中革兰阳性菌2 818株,占30.30%,革兰阴性菌6 482株,占69.70%。分离病原菌居前5位的依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌。标本来源方面,以痰标本检出最多,占31.04%;其次为尿液,占28.51%。共检出多重耐药菌5 130株,以CRE和MRSA检出最多,分别占所有多重耐药菌的30.27%、18.48%。结论细菌耐药性仍呈增长趋势,需加强消毒隔离等感染控制工作,采取有效措施防止耐药菌株的流行与传播。
Objective To understand the bacterial resistance of Shanghai second-class hospital. Methods The data of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the inpatients in 6 secondary hospitals in Shanghai in 2015 were collected for analysis. The bacterial isolation, identification and drug susceptibility testing methods were performed according to the CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute) 2015 Year version of the standard. Results A total of 9 300 pathogens were isolated in 2015, of which 2 818 were Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 30.30% and 6 482 Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 69.70%. The top 5 isolates of pathogen were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The source of specimens, sputum specimens detected the most, accounting for 31.04%; followed by urine, accounting for 28.51%. A total of 5 130 multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected, and the most were detected by CRE and MRSA, accounting for 30.27% and 18.48% of all multi-resistant bacteria respectively. Conclusions Bacterial drug resistance still shows an increasing trend. It is necessary to strengthen the control of infection such as disinfection and isolation, and take effective measures to prevent the spread and spread of drug-resistant strains.