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本文基于对贫困的分解,运用贫困弹性的动态特征,选取《中国统计年鉴》相关年份城市住户分组数据,深入分析收入增长和收入分配因素对中国1991-2009年间城市绝对贫困和相对贫困的影响。结果表明:(1)高速的经济增长对我国城市绝对贫困率下降起决定性作用,但收入分配恶化对城市相对贫困率上升有显著影响。(2)收入水平越高,则收入因素对城市减贫的促进作用越强,且分配因素所引起的贫困变动越大;收入分配越不平等,则收入因素对城市减贫的促进作用越弱,且分配因素所引起的贫困变动越小。因此,我国今后的城市减贫,应在继续保持经济较快增长的同时,以改善收入分配不平等为重点。
Based on the decomposition of poverty and the dynamic characteristics of poverty elasticity, this paper selects the data of urban households in relevant years of China Statistical Yearbook to analyze the impact of income growth and income distribution on urban absolute poverty and relative poverty in China from 1991 to 2009. The results show that: (1) High-speed economic growth plays a decisive role in the decline of urban absolute poverty rate in our country, but the worsening income distribution has a significant impact on the rise of urban relative poverty rate. (2) The higher the income level, the stronger the promotion effect of income factors on urban poverty reduction, and the greater the changes of poverty caused by distributional factors. The more inequality of income distribution, the weaker the promotion effect of income factors on urban poverty reduction , And the distribution of factors caused by the changes in poverty is smaller. Therefore, in the future, China’s urban poverty reduction should focus on improving inequality of income distribution while maintaining rapid economic growth.