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绞股蓝(Gynostemma pentaphy-llum Makino)又称名七叶胆、小苦草,为葫芦科绞股蓝属植物,多年生草质藤本。其茎细柔,有棱,卷须。掌状复叶,小叶5～7枚,叶片披针形或卵状矩圆形,长4～14厘米,两边小叶较中间小叶小,边缘有锯齿,叶面散生细毛,叶柄长2～4厘米,有柔毛。夏季开黄绿色小花,花单性。雌雄异株,圆柱形花序,花梗短。花萼裂片三角形,长0.5毫米。花冠裂片披针形,长2.5毫米。雄蕊5,花丝极短,花药卵形。子房球形,2～3室,花柱3,柱头2裂。果实球形,直径5～8毫米,熟时变黑色,有1～3粒种子。
Gynostemma pentaphy-llum Makino, also known as the acanthopanax, small bitter grass, gourd family Gynostemma, perennial grass liana. The stem is delicate, angular, tendrils. Palmate compound, leaflets 5 to 7, leaf blade lanceolate or ovate oblong, 4 to 14 cm long, leaflets on both sides than the middle of the small leaflets, serrated edge, foliar loose hair, petiole 2 to 4 Cm, pilose. Summer open yellow-green flowers, flowers unisexual. Dioecious, cylindrical inflorescence, pedicel short. Calyx lobes triangular, 0.5 mm long. Corolla lobes lanceolate, 2.5 mm long. Stamens 5, filaments very short, anthers ovate. Ovary spherical, 2 to 3 rooms, style 3, stigma 2 crack. Fruit spherical, 5 to 8 mm in diameter, cooked black, 1 to 3 seeds.