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‘Y-2’是采用大群体实生选育方法,从15万株晋西北野生山定子自然实生苗中选育的早果矮化苹果砧木,2016年1月通过品种审定。对Y系初选、复选优系嫁接品种的早花性状、树体生长量、果实品质、抗逆性表现等指标进行综合评价,结果表明:(1)‘Y-2’作中间砧嫁接品种早花早果特性突出,果树童期明显缩短,比乔砧果树提早3~4 a开花;(2)矮化效果明显,嫁接‘长富2号’‘丹霞’品种表现为极矮化,嫁接‘嘎拉’表现矮化,综合评价为矮化砧木,生产中适宜高密栽植,也可作为果树盆景的专用砧木;(3)抗寒、抗旱性强,且具有一定的抗腐烂病能力;(4)嫁接栽培品种亲和性好,适宜在黄土高原或类似气候的苹果产区栽植。
’Y-2’ is a early-fruit dwarf apple stock that was bred from 150,000 wild seedlings of wild mountain rhizome in northwestern Shanxi using large population selection and breeding methods. In January 2016, it was approved for variety. The results showed that: (1) ’Y-2’ was used as the intermediate grafting for the primary selection of Y series, the selection of the early flowering traits of the grafted varieties, the growth of the tree body, the fruit quality and the resistance performance. The characteristic of early flowering of early flowering varieties was prominent, the fruit trees were significantly shortened in their childhood, which flowered 3-4 days earlier than that of Qiao ancestral fruit trees. (2) The effect of dwarfing was obvious. The grafted ’Danxia 2’ , Grafted ’Gala’ performance of dwarfing, the comprehensive evaluation of dwarfing rootstocks, suitable for the production of high density planting, fruit bonsai can also be used as a special rootstock; (3) cold, drought resistance, and has a certain anti-rotten ability ; (4) good compatibility of grafted cultivars, suitable for cultivation in the Loess Plateau or similar climate apple producing areas.