不同的文化形态有着不同的文化背景在引导着它们。罗素《西方哲学史》中说:“笛卡尔的哲学……他完成了或者说极近完成了有柏拉图开端而主要因为宗教上的理由经过基督教发展起来的精神,物质二元论,……笛卡尔系统提出精神界和物质界两个平行而彼此独立的世界,研究其中之一能不牵涉另外一个。”在西方的哲学理念里,物质世界与精神世界是分开的,互不牵扯。然而中国哲学以及其思维模式与之有着根本的不同,中国哲学(特别是儒家思想)认为研究“天”(天道)不能不牵涉 Different cultures have different cultural backgrounds that lead them. Russell, in the History of Western Philosophy, said: “The philosophy of Descartes ... he completed or nearly completed the spirit of Platonic beginning, developed primarily through Christianity for religious reasons, materialisticism, ... Descartes The system proposes two parallel and independent worlds of the spiritual world and the material world, and one study can not involve the other. ”In the Western philosophy, the material world and the spiritual world are separate and unrelated to each other. However, there are fundamental differences between Chinese philosophy and its mode of thinking. Chinese philosophy (especially Confucianism) holds that the study of “Heaven” (Heaven) must not be involved