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目的评价麻苗查漏补种与强化免疫干预对儿童和成人麻疹的控制效果。方法比较麻苗查漏补种与强化免疫干预措施前后,儿童和成人麻疹发病率的变化,对干预效果进行评价。结果 5年期间累计麻疹发病数为729例,成人发病数占累计发病数的56.10%;未到麻苗初种年龄的<8个月龄儿童麻疹发病数占5岁以下年龄组病例数的27.69%。2006-2009年累计对儿童麻苗查漏补种和强化免疫共60 189人,儿童麻疹发病率从干预初期的2006年196.66/10万,下降至2009年的8.55/10万(P<0.01)。2005-2009年累计对成人进行麻苗强化免疫干预共697 054人,成人麻疹发病率从干预初期的2005年的13.15/10万下降至2009年的1.57/10万(P<0.01)。在未对富士康高危险人群采取干预措施的2005年,职工的麻疹发病率高达50.55/10万;当连续4年对新招聘员工开展麻苗强化免疫干预措施后,至2009年麻疹发病率降至2.61/10万,发病率下降了94.84%(P<0.01)。2009年对儿童采取由麻苗查漏补种干预改变为扩大年龄组强化免疫干预后,麻疹发病率由2008年的111.22/10万,下降至2009年的8.55/10万,降幅高达92.31%。采取干预措施前,麻疹发病呈夏季高发,干预后夏季发病高峰消除。结论儿童扩大麻苗强化免疫干预优于查漏补种干预效果;麻苗强化免疫干预是大幅度降低移民城市儿童和成人麻疹发病率的重要措施;持续开展儿童扩大麻苗强化免疫干预和对重点成人麻苗强化免疫干预是达到2012年中国消除麻疹目标的关键策略。
Objective To evaluate the control effect of measles vaccination and intensive immunization on measles in children and adults. Methods The changes of incidence of measles in children and adults before and after the vaccination and vaccination of measles were compared before and after the vaccination, and the intervention effect was evaluated. Results The cumulative incidence of measles in five years was 729 and the incidence of adult measles was 56.10%. The incidence of measles in children <8 months old who did not reach the initial seedling age was 27.69 %. In 2006-2009, a total of 60 189 children were vaccinated for leak detection and booster immunization. The incidence of measles in children dropped from 196.66 / 100,000 in 2006 to 8.55 / 100,000 in 2009 (P <0.01) . In 2005-2009, a total of 697,054 adults were treated for intensive immunization against malaria. The incidence of adult measles dropped from 13.15 per 100,000 in 2005 to 1.57 / 100,000 in 2009 (P <0.01). The incidence of measles in workers was as high as 50.55 / 100,000 in 2005 without high-risk interventions for Foxconn. After four years of intensive immunization against newly hired staff, the incidence of measles dropped to 2.61 / 100 000, the incidence decreased by 94.84% (P <0.01). The incidence of measles dropped from 111.22 / lakh in 2008 to 8.55 / lakh in 2009, a drop of 92.31%. Before taking interventions, the incidence of measles was high in summer, and the peak incidence in summer after the intervention was eliminated. Conclusions The results showed that the enhanced immunization intervention in children with hypersplenum and Miao is better than the effect of leak detection and replantation. Miao Miao is an important measure to significantly reduce the incidence of measles in children and adults in immigrant cities. Intensive immunization with adult marijuana is a key strategy to reach the target of eliminating measles in China by 2012.