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经过实地调查发现,板栗(Castanea mollissima BL.)果枝上雌花太少而雄花大大地超过雌花,这是板栗低产的直接原因之一。因此,研究板栗花的性别分化和表现,并加以调节控制,对提高单产是重要的。施用尿素增加了雌花数量和提高了雄花对雌花的比例(果枝上雄花减少);尿素还提高了叶中叶绿素含量和叶的光合强度,这对于果实生长和单产提高显然是有利的。乙烯利可增加瓜类等作物的雌花,但用100—1000ppm的乙烯利点涂板栗花芽却促进板栗花的雄性化,因此,在乙烯利处理的枝条上没有雌花和果实,我们尚未见到这种报道。作者讨论了这种现象产生的原因,认为乙烯利对板栗两性花起了促雄抑雌的作用。既然板栗花的性别表现对植物激素如此敏感,因而用与乙烯利生理作用相反的激素进行试验将是有意义的。
After field investigation, it was found that there were too few female flowers in the chestnut (Castanea mollissima BL.) And the male flowers greatly exceeded the female flowers, which was one of the direct reasons for the low yield of chestnut. Therefore, to study chestnut flower sex differentiation and performance, and to regulate and control, to improve the yield is important. Urea application increased the number of female flowers and increased the ratio of male flowers to female flowers (male flowers on fruit branches decreased). Urea also increased leaf chlorophyll content and leaf photosynthetic rate, which was obviously beneficial for fruit growth and yield improvement. Ethephon may increase the female flowers of melons and other crops, but applying chestnut flower buds with 100-1000 ppm of ethylene may promote the maleification of chestnut flowers, so we have not seen this on ethephon-treated shoots with female flowers and fruits Reported. The author discusses the reasons for this phenomenon, that ethephon on the chestnut bisexual flower played the role of male and female inhibitory effect. Since chestnut flower sex performance is so sensitive to plant hormones, it would make sense to test with hormones that are the opposite of the physiology of ethephon.