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股权转让作为现代经济生活中的一种主要资本交易方式,是股东将其财产所有权让渡给公司后的一个必不可少的补救机制。而有限责任公司的资合性兼人合性的特征却对其股权外部转让制度设计提出了难题。一方面,资合性的特征要求必须维持公司资本,股东不能退股,只能转让股权;另一方面,人合性的特征则强调要维持股东之间的信赖基础,须对股权外部转让加以限制,由此引发了转让股东与存续股东之间的利益冲突。本文从股权转让的必要性、对其股权转让加以限制的合理性以及两者之间的平衡三个方面对有限责任公司股权外部转让的法理基础进行了研究,以期能为有限责任公司股权外股转让的制度构建提供理论支持。
Equity transfer, as a major capital transaction in modern economic life, is an indispensable remedy mechanism after shareholders transfer their property ownership to the company. However, the characteristics of the limited liability company’s capital adequacy and co-existence put forward some problems for the design of its equity transfer system. On the one hand, the character of the qualifications required that the capital of the company must be maintained. The shareholders can not withdraw their shares and only the equity interests can be transferred. On the other hand, the characteristics of the people’s personality emphasize the need to maintain the trust basis between the shareholders. Limit, thus triggering a conflict of interest between the transferring shareholder and the surviving shareholder. This paper studies the legal basis of the external transfer of the equity of a limited liability company from three aspects: the necessity of equity transfer, the rationality of limiting its equity transfer, and the balance between the two. The system of transfer provides theoretical support.